By Sara Kropf On September 25, 2025, former FBI Director James Comey was indicted on charges of making false statements to Congress and obstruction of a congressional proceeding. The charges stem from his September 30, 2020 testimony to the Senate Judiciary Committee...
How Much Data Does Zoom Store and Can DOJ Get It ? A Lot of Data and Yes.
By Sara Kropf Three years ago, I wrote a blog post, “Is Zoom Call Data the Next Investigative Frontier for DOJ?” And then, in the recent subpoenas to transgender medical providers, the government specifically asked for all “communications,” including those by “virtual...
Did DOJ’s Transgender Healthcare Subpoena Announcement Break the Rules?
By Sara Kropf The Department of Justice recently caught my eye, and made headlines, when it announced that it had issued subpoenas to doctors and clinics involved in providing medical care to transgender minors. Attorney General Pam Bondi said in her statement that...
Holding Trump Administration Officials in Criminal Contempt for Refusing to Follow a Court Order
By Sara Kropf The Trump Administration has followed some court orders and outright refused to follow others. The judges overseeing those cases have shown remarkable restraint when the Administration appears to defy the orders: giving the DOJ lawyers appearing before...
Selective/Vindictive Prosecution Defenses to “Political” Criminal Charges: Looks Are Deceiving
By Sara Kropf President Trump has openly threatened criminal prosecutions of his political enemies. Last October, NPR reported that he has made at least 100 such threats. He’s already issued an Executive Order demanding the suspension of the security clearance for...
The Sean Combs Case: Pretrial Schedules Matter (A Lot)
By Sara Kropf The Sean “Diddy” Combs criminal case has garnered plenty of attention for its salacious allegations. Rather than parsing the RICO and other charges, however, I’m going to capitalize on the case to explain some of the nuts and bolts of pretrial practice...
Our Top 10 Posts from 2024
By Sara Kropf As we enter 2025, we want to thank all our loyal readers for taking the time to visit Grand Jury Target and read our posts. When we updated our website late in 2022, we moved our blog “in-house,” so to speak, so people looking at our bios could also see...
Will the Trump Administration (Ab)Use Office of Inspector General Investigations for Political Ends? Federal Employees and Federal Contractors Have Reason to Worry
By Sara Kropf Some of our clients who are under investigation by an Office of Inspector General (OIG) believe that the investigation is “political.” They are often convinced that they are under investigation because of their political views or because they were...
Unavailable Witnesses, Remote Trial Testimony, and the Confrontation Clause
By Sara Kropf The Covid-19 pandemic changed how lawyers do our work. Depositions and meetings are conducted via Zoom instead of having everyone travel to one place. But one thing that (mostly) hasn’t changed is trial. Everyone physically gathers in a courtroom: the...
The Second Circuit Makes It More Difficult to Trust Prosecutors: Jeffrey Epstein Saga Adds to Circuit Split Over the Reach of NPA Promises
By Rebecca Guiterman Last week, the Second Circuit upheld Jeffrey Epstein associate Ghislaine Maxwell’s sex trafficking conviction and 20-year sentence. On appeal, one of the questions presented was whether Mr. Epstein’s non-prosecution agreement (NPA) with the United...










